The Definition, Function, and Elements of an Educational Institution
Edukasistan.com - Hello guys! In this article, we will discuss the function of educational institutions in Indonesia. As you know, an educational institution is a place where the education process occurs with the aim of changing a person's behavior for the better through interaction with their environment.
The education process can occur through social interaction and the influence of the environment, particularly the family, school, and community. That is the definition of an educational institution. Next, let's discuss the types of educational institutions.
The Definition of an Educational Institution
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Do you know? What is the definition of an educational institution? The definition of an educational institution is an institution or place where the process of education or teaching and learning occurs, including education within the family, school, and community.
An educational institution can also be defined as an organization that is formed to achieve specific goals, which is to convey knowledge and culture to individuals to change a person's behavior to be more mature and achieve a better future.
The main goal of this institution is to change the behavior of students for the better through interaction with their environment. In other words, this institution is very necessary for society because it can improve the quality of life for an individual.
The Function of an Educational Institution
The existence of an educational institution has a very important function and role for society in a country. In addition to teaching reading, writing, and arithmetic, this institution also teaches students about independence, achievement ability, personality development, and specifications. In general, the functions of an Educational Institution include the following:
- Preparing members of society to earn a living.
- Developing the talents of each person for the benefit of society and personal satisfaction.
- Preserving the culture of society.
- Instilling the skills needed to participate in democracy.
- Ensuring the emotional life of children.
- Instilling a moral education foundation.
- Providing a social education foundation.
1. The Function of Education According to David Popenoe
In addition to the functions mentioned previously, according to David Popenoe (1971), there are four types of educational functions, as follows:
a. Transmission (transfer) of society's culture.
Education is always adjusted to the situation and conditions of society. For example, education that refers to environmentally conscious development (social and physical environment). For example, the nine-year basic education that is equipped with a local content curriculum that is tailored to the characteristics of the area.
Like in Bali, as a place for tourism. From an early age, students in school are equipped with foreign language skills and taught to make handicrafts that can support tourism in their area.
b. Selecting and teaching social roles.
In Indonesia's pluralistic society, the factor of social integration is very important. Because the function of education is very important to ensure social integration. The ways to do this are as follows:
- In every school, you must teach using the national language, such as Indonesian as a tool for communication between different ethnicities or groups.
- Every school must teach the same experiences and education to students. This can be through textbooks or school reading books. Through these experiences, it is hoped that the same values will grow in the students.
c. Schools teach personality patterns.
An example of teaching personality patterns is, for example, we can do it through history lessons, sociology, geography, or national songs, and we can also teach it through the implementation of the flag ceremony every Monday or on special days. From these lessons, it is expected that nationalism will strengthen in students.
d. Source of social innovation.
Through education, students are introduced to science and technology (IPTEK) so they can meet the challenges of their time. IPTEK serves to make human life easier. Through innovations of existing discoveries and revisions of deficiencies, students are expected to produce something better for society.
For example, inventing a rice husker, using wind energy to process agricultural products, creating a central traffic light to solve congestion, and making teaching aids for learning media.
Elements of an Educational Institution
In addition to the functions of an educational institution mentioned previously, there are also elements of an educational institution that will be explained. The elements of an educational institution that will be mentioned one by one below include:
- Behavior Patterns => Love of knowledge, research, learning spirit, attendance.
- Symbolic Culture => School uniform, school songs, mascot, logo.
- Cultural Benefits => Classrooms, books, library, field, laboratory.
- Specialization Code => Discipline, accreditation, level/stratum, curriculum.
- Ideology => Progressive education, classicism, innovative, academic success.
